Main Article Content
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in university teaching is reshaping higher education by enhancing instructional methods, student engagement, and learning outcomes. This study explores the use of AI-driven tools, personalized learning, and adaptive instructional strategies. It establishes the motivation and satisfaction levels in adopting AI over traditional methods in university teaching experience. The study used the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) theory (Mishra & Koehler, 2006) and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory (Rogers, 2003) to underscore the role of technology in fostering continuous learning and interaction. Data were collected from students across diverse programs through the Learning Management Systems (LMS) and analyzed using AI-powered learning analytics and natural language processing (NLP) tools. Key metrics included course completion rates, assignment engagement, and assessment performance. The findings reveal that AI facilitates content personalization and real-time feedback and improves student participation, ultimately optimizing the learning experience. This study provides valuable insights into student interactions, preferences, and effectiveness of AI in higher education. It also highlights the need for universities to strategically utilize AI to foster inclusive, adaptive, and efficient teaching environments. The research recommends embracing AI as a transformative tool to maximize its potential in shaping the future of university education in Kenya.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Callen Nyamwange

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References
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- Gligorea, I.; Cioca, M.; Oancea, R., Gorski, A., Gorski, H., & Tudorache, P., (2023). Adaptive Learning Using Artificial Intelligence in e-Learning: A Literature Review. Education. Scince, 13(12), 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121216
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- Holmes, W (2021). AI and Education: A Critical Studies Perspective. https://rcepunesco.ae/en/KnowledgeCorner/WorkingPapers/WorkingPapers/2021 - Wayne Holmes
- Hussein, A. A. (2024) The impact of using artificial intelligence techniques in improving the quality of educational services/case study at the University of Baghdad. Frontiers in Education. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1474370
- Jian, M.J.K. (2023). Personalized learning through AI. Advances in Engineering Innovation, 5(1): https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-3903/5/2023039
- Kadaruddin, K. (2023). Empowering education through generative AI: Innovative instructional strategies for tomorrow’s learners. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 4(2), 618 - 625. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v4i2.215
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- Mehta. M., Kataria. D., Pandit. P. (2024) The impact of AI on education: Perspectives from students in Ahmedabad. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382463238
- Mhlanga, D., & Moloi, T. (2020). COVID-19 and the digital transformation of education: What are we learning on 4IR in South Africa? Education Sciences, 10(7), 180.
- Miao, F., & Holmes, W. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. UNESCO Report. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386693
- Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
- Matere.A (2024) Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Institutions in Kenya, l5(1). https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v5i1.177
- Nulty, D. D. (2008). The adequacy of response rates to online and paper surveys: What can be done? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(3), 301-314.
- Quizlet (2023). How do you want to study? Master whatever you’re learning with Quizlet’s interactive flashcards, practice tests, and study activities. https://quizlet.com/gb
- Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press.
- Schmid, U. (2020). AI goes to school: Learning about and learning with artificial intelligence. WiPSCE '20: Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Primary and Secondary Computing Education. https://doi.org/10.1145/3421590.3421628
- Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. Polity.
- Son, J., Ružić, N. & Philpott, A. (2023). Artificial intelligence technologies and applications for language learning and teaching. Journal of China Computer-Assisted Language Learning. https://doi.org/10.1515/jccall-2023-0015
- Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – Where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16 (1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0173-8
References
Alam, G. F., Wiyono, B. B. ., Burhanuddin, B., Muslihati, M., & Mujaidah, A. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in Education World: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Research Recommendations. Fahima, 3(2), 223–234. https://doi.org/10.54622/fahima.v3i2.350
Baruch, Y., & Holtom, B. C. (2008). Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research. Human Relations, 61(8), 1139-1160.
Doe, J., & Smith, A. (2023). Transforming education with AI: Innovative solutions and strategies. Academic Press.
Gligorea, I.; Cioca, M.; Oancea, R., Gorski, A., Gorski, H., & Tudorache, P., (2023). Adaptive Learning Using Artificial Intelligence in e-Learning: A Literature Review. Education. Scince, 13(12), 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121216
George, B., & Wooden, O. (2023). Managing the strategic transformation of higher education through artificial intelligence. Administrative Sciences, 13(9), 196. https://doi.org/10.3390/a dmsci13090196.
Holmes, W (2021). AI and Education: A Critical Studies Perspective. https://rcepunesco.ae/en/KnowledgeCorner/WorkingPapers/WorkingPapers/2021 - Wayne Holmes
Hussein, A. A. (2024) The impact of using artificial intelligence techniques in improving the quality of educational services/case study at the University of Baghdad. Frontiers in Education. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1474370
Jian, M.J.K. (2023). Personalized learning through AI. Advances in Engineering Innovation, 5(1): https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-3903/5/2023039
Kadaruddin, K. (2023). Empowering education through generative AI: Innovative instructional strategies for tomorrow’s learners. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education, 4(2), 618 - 625. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v4i2.215
Klein, A. (2024). Top reasons why teachers avoid ChatGPT and other AI tools. Education Week. https://www.edweek.org/technology/top-13-reasons-teachers-avoid-chatgpt-and-other-ai-tools/2024/02
Liu, C., Hou, J., Tu, Y.-F., Wang, Y., & Hwang, G.-J. (2023). Incorporating a reflective thinking promoting mechanism into artificial intelligence-supported English writing environments. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(9), 5614–5632. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2021.2012812
Luckin, R. et al., (2022). Empowering educators to be AI-ready. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3 (2022), 100076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100076
Mehta. M., Kataria. D., Pandit. P. (2024) The impact of AI on education: Perspectives from students in Ahmedabad. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/382463238
Mhlanga, D., & Moloi, T. (2020). COVID-19 and the digital transformation of education: What are we learning on 4IR in South Africa? Education Sciences, 10(7), 180.
Miao, F., & Holmes, W. (2023). Guidance for generative AI in education and research. UNESCO Report. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386693
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Matere.A (2024) Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Teaching and Learning in Higher Education Institutions in Kenya, l5(1). https://doi.org/10.62049/jkncu.v5i1.177
Nulty, D. D. (2008). The adequacy of response rates to online and paper surveys: What can be done? Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(3), 301-314.
Quizlet (2023). How do you want to study? Master whatever you’re learning with Quizlet’s interactive flashcards, practice tests, and study activities. https://quizlet.com/gb
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). Free Press.
Schmid, U. (2020). AI goes to school: Learning about and learning with artificial intelligence. WiPSCE '20: Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Primary and Secondary Computing Education. https://doi.org/10.1145/3421590.3421628
Selwyn, N. (2019). Should robots replace teachers? AI and the future of education. Polity.
Son, J., Ružić, N. & Philpott, A. (2023). Artificial intelligence technologies and applications for language learning and teaching. Journal of China Computer-Assisted Language Learning. https://doi.org/10.1515/jccall-2023-0015
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education – Where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16 (1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0173-8