Luther’s Use of the Law as Contrasted with Calvin’s

Abstract

Both Luther and Calvin were important figures during the Reformation; their theologies—especially their understanding of the Law—had and continue to significantly impact the shaping of theological thought. How did these two reformers understand the concept of the Law? Given Luther and Calvin’s position on double predestination, what is the usefulness of the Law as applied in the life of the believer? Their understanding of the Law categorizes some believers beyond the reach of grace and infringes on the doctrine of righteousness by faith alone. Luther advocates for two uses of the Law, while Calvin contends for a third use. Contrary to the belief that they were far apart in their interpretation of the Law, this article argues that Luther and Calvin were aligned in their understanding of the Law as applied to the believer’s life than we could predict. What impact would the use of the Law have on the believers if they were predestined as elect or reprobate before applying it? Such understanding impedes the believers’ expression of their faith and consequently challenges the biblical understanding of righteousness by faith alone.