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Abstract
King Nebuchadnezzar reached the terminus of his exile in the wild with animals and birds. The monarch gained human conscience and gazed up to heaven, acknowledging God as the ruler of human kingdom. The term, “end,” in Daniel 4:34 is used in connection with time, marking the end of seven years of the king’s deportation. Nineveh, a great wicked city, was the capital city of the Assyrian empire; and the Lord sent the prophet Jonah to prophesy against it for its wickedness. When the Ninevites heard of a looming destruction within a time limit of forty days, they repented and God spared them. There is a parallel between the repentance of King Nebuchadnezzar recorded in Daniel 4:34-37 and the Ninevites in Jonah 3:3-10. This article submits that the repentances of both King Nebuchadnezzar and the Ninevites, including their king bear a close resemblance. The method used in this research is inductive. An exegetical study of Daniel 4:34-37 (Heb 4:31-34) and Jonah 3:3-10 will be carried out to explore the nature of repentance in both passages. A conclusion will be drawn based on the exegesis and theology of the passages.
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References
- References
- Beverly, Jared. “Nebuchadnezzar and the Animal Mind (Daniel 4),” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 45 (2020): 145–157.
- Brashler, James A. “God’s Love Preserved Jonah.” Presbyterian Outlook 99 (2017): 42–42.
- Cohen, Jeffrey. “Jonah’s Race to Nineveh,” Dor le dor 16 (1987): 10–17.
- Feintuch, Yossi. “Jonah: A Transitional Prophet.” Jewish Bible Quarterly 27 (1999): 199–201.
- Ferguson, Paul. “Who was the ‘King of Nineveh’ in Jonah 3:6? Tyndale Bulletin 47 (1996): 301–314.
- Fredman, Norman. “Jonah and Nineveh: The Tragedy of Jonah.” Dor le dor 12 (1983): 4–14.
- Goodhart, Sandor. “Prophecy, Sacrifice and Repentance in the Story of Jonah.” Semeia 33 (1985): 43–63.
- Halton, Charles. “How Big was Nineveh? Literal Versus Interpretation of City Size.” Bulleting for Biblical Research 18 (2008): 193–207.
- Hauser, Allan Jon. “Jonah: In Pursuit of the Dove.” Journal of Biblical Literature 104 (1985):21–37.
- Hoffer, Victoria and Wright, Rebecca Abts. “A Jewish and Christian Reading of Jonah: How (Dis-)Similar.” Sewanee Theology Review 37 (1993): 144–150.
- McGinnis, Claire Mathews. “A Vocation for Whom? Jonah, God, and Nineveh.” The Bible Today 60 (2022): 13–15.
- Okoye, James Chukumwa. “The God of Love in the Old Testament Jonah.” New Theology Review 23 (2020): 62–68.
- Petit, Lucas P. and Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi. Nineveh, the Great City (Leiden: Sidestone Press, 2017).
- Rojeski, Don K. “Jonah: Deliverance and the Sovereignty of God.” Direction 11 (1982): 16–22.
- Scolnic, Benjamin. “How Nebuchadnezzar Became a Dwarf: Midrash and the Book Daniel.” Jewish Bible Quarterly 49 (2021): 85–93.
- Stuart, Douglass K. “The Great City of Nineveh (Jonah 1:2.” Bibliotheca sacra 171 (2014): 387–400.
- Sung Ik Kim, “Missiological Implications of Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream.” Journal of Adventist Mission Studies 8 (2012): 110–122.
- Turner, Mary Donovan. “Jonah 3:10-4:11.” Interpretation 52 (1998): 411–414.
- Vermeulen, Karolien. “Save or Sack the City: The Fate of Jonah’s Nineveh from a Spatial Perspective.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 42 (2017): 233–246.
- Walsh, Carey. “Between Text and Sermon Jonah 3.” Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 59 (2015): 338–340.
- Willis, John T. “The ‘Repentance’ of God in the Books of Samuel, Jeremiah, and Jonah.” Horizons in Biblical Theology 16 (1994): 156–175.
References
References
Beverly, Jared. “Nebuchadnezzar and the Animal Mind (Daniel 4),” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 45 (2020): 145–157.
Brashler, James A. “God’s Love Preserved Jonah.” Presbyterian Outlook 99 (2017): 42–42.
Cohen, Jeffrey. “Jonah’s Race to Nineveh,” Dor le dor 16 (1987): 10–17.
Feintuch, Yossi. “Jonah: A Transitional Prophet.” Jewish Bible Quarterly 27 (1999): 199–201.
Ferguson, Paul. “Who was the ‘King of Nineveh’ in Jonah 3:6? Tyndale Bulletin 47 (1996): 301–314.
Fredman, Norman. “Jonah and Nineveh: The Tragedy of Jonah.” Dor le dor 12 (1983): 4–14.
Goodhart, Sandor. “Prophecy, Sacrifice and Repentance in the Story of Jonah.” Semeia 33 (1985): 43–63.
Halton, Charles. “How Big was Nineveh? Literal Versus Interpretation of City Size.” Bulleting for Biblical Research 18 (2008): 193–207.
Hauser, Allan Jon. “Jonah: In Pursuit of the Dove.” Journal of Biblical Literature 104 (1985):21–37.
Hoffer, Victoria and Wright, Rebecca Abts. “A Jewish and Christian Reading of Jonah: How (Dis-)Similar.” Sewanee Theology Review 37 (1993): 144–150.
McGinnis, Claire Mathews. “A Vocation for Whom? Jonah, God, and Nineveh.” The Bible Today 60 (2022): 13–15.
Okoye, James Chukumwa. “The God of Love in the Old Testament Jonah.” New Theology Review 23 (2020): 62–68.
Petit, Lucas P. and Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi. Nineveh, the Great City (Leiden: Sidestone Press, 2017).
Rojeski, Don K. “Jonah: Deliverance and the Sovereignty of God.” Direction 11 (1982): 16–22.
Scolnic, Benjamin. “How Nebuchadnezzar Became a Dwarf: Midrash and the Book Daniel.” Jewish Bible Quarterly 49 (2021): 85–93.
Stuart, Douglass K. “The Great City of Nineveh (Jonah 1:2.” Bibliotheca sacra 171 (2014): 387–400.
Sung Ik Kim, “Missiological Implications of Nebuchadnezzar’s Dream.” Journal of Adventist Mission Studies 8 (2012): 110–122.
Turner, Mary Donovan. “Jonah 3:10-4:11.” Interpretation 52 (1998): 411–414.
Vermeulen, Karolien. “Save or Sack the City: The Fate of Jonah’s Nineveh from a Spatial Perspective.” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 42 (2017): 233–246.
Walsh, Carey. “Between Text and Sermon Jonah 3.” Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 59 (2015): 338–340.
Willis, John T. “The ‘Repentance’ of God in the Books of Samuel, Jeremiah, and Jonah.” Horizons in Biblical Theology 16 (1994): 156–175.